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Ashi-Waza Beginner Nage-Waza

Osoto-Gari

大外刈

"Major Outer Reap"

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Quick Facts

Category
Nage-Waza
Subcategory
Ashi-Waza
Difficulty
Beginner
Belt Level
6th kyu, 5th kyu
Overview

Osoto-Gari is one of the most recognized throws in judo — a powerful outer reap where tori hooks their leg behind uke's leg and drives them backward. It relies on breaking uke's backward balance and sweeping the supporting leg in a scythe-like motion. It is among the most frequently scored techniques in elite judo competition.

Video Demonstrations
大外刈 / O-soto-gari — judo technique demonstration
大外刈 / O-soto-gari KODOKAN
Osoto-gari - Basic principles — judo technique demonstration
Osoto-gari - Basic principles Efficient Judo
Osoto Gari's Most Important Detail — judo technique demonstration
Osoto Gari's Most Important Detail Shintaro Higashi
Top 10 Judo Osoto gari Compilation Highlights | 大外刈 — judo technique demonstration
Top 10 Judo Osoto gari Compilation Highlights | 大外刈 Judo Spirit
How to Execute

Osoto-Gari — Step by Step

KuzushiOff-balance

Push uke backward and to their right rear corner. Your lapel hand (left) drives forward into uke's chest at throat level, while your sleeve hand (right) pulls upward. Uke's weight must shift back onto their right heel — this is the critical prerequisite.

TsukuriEntry

Step your left foot to the outside of uke's right foot, planting it firmly. Lean your chest forward into uke to maintain the backward pressure. Your right leg is free to sweep.

KakeExecution

Swing your right leg forward (pendulum) and then powerfully back, hooking the back of uke's right thigh with the back of your right thigh. Simultaneously drive your chest forward and down into uke, and pull the sleeve arm upward. The reaping action and the forward body drive together topple uke backward.

  1. 1

    Push uke backward to their right rear corner (kuzushi)

    Drive your left lapel hand forward into uke's chest and upward, while pulling their sleeve arm up. Uke must be tipping backward with weight on their right heel before you step in.

  2. 2

    Step your left foot outside uke's right foot

    Plant your left foot firmly to the outside of uke's right foot. This is your base. Keep your chest driving forward into uke — do not let them regain upright posture.

  3. 3

    Swing your right leg forward as a pendulum

    Swing your right leg forward past uke's right leg. This wind-up phase adds power to the reap. Do not rush it — the pendulum swing is key to the technique's power.

  4. 4

    Reap the back of uke's thigh

    Drive your right leg backward in a powerful sweeping arc, contacting the back of uke's right thigh with the back of your right thigh. Your contact point is the thigh, not the ankle or calf.

  5. 5

    Drive forward with your upper body

    As your leg reaps, drive your upper body forward and downward into uke. Pull their sleeve arm upward. The backward reap and forward upper body drive work together to topple them.

Key Principles

What Makes It Work

  • Uke must be leaning backward before the reap. Attempting Osoto-Gari against an upright or forward-leaning uke results in a blocked, easily countered technique.
  • Thigh-to-thigh contact is the reaping point. Contacting at the calf or ankle reduces the sweep and gives uke a chance to hop over.
  • The pendulum swing of the right leg adds power — do not try to step directly into the reap.
  • Body drive forward is as important as the leg reap. Both elements together create the toppling effect.
Common Mistakes

What to Avoid

#1 Common Mistake

Attacking without backward kuzushi

Push uke backward first. If they are standing upright, they can simply step back and escape. The technique only works when uke's weight is already moving backward.

#2 Common Mistake

Contacting at the calf instead of the thigh

Drive your reaping leg higher to make thigh contact. Low contact allows uke to lift their leg and hop over the reap.

#3 Common Mistake

Leaning backward instead of forward during kake

Drive your chest forward and down into uke while reaping. Leaning back negates the backward toppling force.

#4 Common Mistake

No pendulum swing — stepping directly into the reap

Swing the leg forward first, then back. The pendulum motion generates significantly more reaping force than a direct backward leg drive.

When to Use

Best Moments to Apply Osoto-Gari

Osoto-Gari is highly effective when uke pushes into you or has stiff, upright posture. It is one of the best counter-attack throws — when uke attacks and misses, their recovery step backward creates the backward kuzushi window Osoto-Gari needs. Time the attack as they step back to regain balance. Works well in combination with O-Uchi-Gari: attack one direction, then the other.

Variations

Variations of Osoto-Gari

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

What belt level is Osoto-Gari taught at?
Osoto-Gari is one of the earliest techniques taught in judo, typically at 6th kyu (white belt) or 5th kyu (yellow belt).
What is the difference between Osoto-Gari and Ko-Soto-Gari?
Osoto-Gari (major outer reap) targets uke's rear leg with a large sweeping motion. Ko-Soto-Gari (minor outer reap) is a smaller, more subtle reap targeting the heel or the outside of uke's foot, typically used as a transition or feint technique.
What are the best counters to Osoto-Gari?
O-Uchi-Gari is the classic counter — as tori attacks from the outside, uke steps behind tori's base leg and reaps from the inside. Seoi-Nage is also effective when you can use tori's forward body drive to lead them into a shoulder throw.