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Osaekomi-Waza Beginner Katame-Waza

Makura-Kesa-Gatame

枕袈裟固

"Pillow Scarf Hold"

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Quick Facts

Category
Katame-Waza
Subcategory
Osaekomi-Waza
Difficulty
Beginner
Belt Level
6th kyu, 5th kyu
Overview

Makura-Kesa-Gatame is a variation of Kesa-Gatame where instead of gripping uke's collar, tori uses their arm as a "pillow" (makura) under uke's neck — cradling uke's head with one arm while the other traps uke's arm. It is a comfortable, stable hold that is excellent for beginners and provides good control while being slightly less exposed to certain escapes than standard Kesa-Gatame.

Video Demonstrations
Makura-kesa-gatame - Demo — judo technique demonstration
Makura-kesa-gatame - Demo Efficient Judo
MAKURA KESA GATAME — judo technique demonstration
MAKURA KESA GATAME Judo Olympique
Makura-Kesa-Gatame Tips | Riki Judo Dojo — judo technique demonstration
Makura-Kesa-Gatame Tips | Riki Judo Dojo Riki Judo Dojo
How to Execute

Makura-Kesa-Gatame — Step by Step

  1. 1

    Position at uke's right shoulder

    Sit beside uke at their right shoulder, facing toward their feet — same positioning as Kesa-Gatame.

  2. 2

    Trap uke's right arm under your left armpit

    Wrap your left arm under and around uke's right arm, trapping it tightly in your armpit. This is identical to standard Kesa-Gatame.

  3. 3

    Slide your right arm under uke's neck

    Rather than gripping uke's collar, slide your right forearm under uke's neck so that uke's head rests on your arm like a pillow (makura). Your arm is the cradle.

  4. 4

    Cradle the head with your right arm

    Your right arm supports uke's head — the forearm acts as the pillow. This head cradle provides additional control over uke's head and neck movement.

  5. 5

    Spread legs and apply weight

    Spread your legs for a stable base. Drive your weight into uke's chest and shoulder. The head cradle prevents uke from bridging toward your head.

Key Principles

What Makes It Work

  • The "pillow" arm under uke's neck controls their head — where the head goes, the body follows. Head control prevents many escape attempts.
  • The trapped arm mechanics are identical to Kesa-Gatame. The distinction is only in the neck/head control arm.
  • Body weight remains the primary holding force — spread your legs and press your weight onto uke.
  • Makura-Kesa-Gatame is a natural first variation to teach after standard Kesa-Gatame, as the mechanics are almost identical.
Common Mistakes

What to Avoid

#1 Common Mistake

Arm too far under uke's neck — pressure on throat

The arm should be under the neck, not pressing on the throat. Adjust to cradle the back of the neck, not the front.

#2 Common Mistake

Losing the arm trap while focusing on the head cradle

Both elements must be maintained simultaneously. The arm trap and the pillow grip both need to be secure.

#3 Common Mistake

Sitting upright — high center of gravity

Lean your weight forward and down onto uke's chest. A high position is easily escaped.

#4 Common Mistake

Legs too close together

Spread legs wide for stability. Narrow leg position is vulnerable to rolling escapes.

When to Use

Best Moments to Apply Makura-Kesa-Gatame

Makura-Kesa-Gatame is the natural hold-down from throws that project uke beside tori — Osoto-Gari, Ko-Soto-Gari, Ko-Soto-Gake. The pillow arm variation provides better head control than standard Kesa-Gatame, making it preferred when uke is trying to bridge toward tori's head.

Variations

Variations of Makura-Kesa-Gatame

Combinations

Combination Sequences

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between Kesa-Gatame and Makura-Kesa-Gatame?
In standard Kesa-Gatame, tori's second arm wraps around uke's neck and grips the collar. In Makura-Kesa-Gatame, tori's arm slides under uke's neck so that uke's head rests on the arm like a pillow. This provides different head control mechanics.
What belt level is Makura-Kesa-Gatame taught?
Makura-Kesa-Gatame is typically taught at the same level as Kesa-Gatame — 6th or 5th kyu — as a first variation of the foundational scarf hold.