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Kansetsu-Waza Advanced Katame-Waza

Ashi-Garami

足絡

"Leg Entanglement"

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Quick Facts

Category
Katame-Waza
Subcategory
Kansetsu-Waza
Difficulty
Advanced
Belt Level
1st kyu, 1st dan
Overview

Ashi-Garami is a leg entanglement technique that locks uke's knee joint by entwining the leg with tori's legs and applying bending force against the natural direction of the knee. It is a recognized Kodokan technique but is illegal in IJF international competition due to the risk of catastrophic knee injury. It remains legal in some other competition rulesets and is studied as part of the complete Kodokan curriculum.

Video Demonstrations
足緘 /  Ashi-garami — judo technique demonstration
足緘 / Ashi-garami KODOKAN
Ashi garami Basics — judo technique demonstration
Ashi garami Basics Shintaro Higashi
Ashi Garami off the Grip and Get More Control — judo technique demonstration
Ashi Garami off the Grip and Get More Control Brian Glick
How to Execute

Ashi-Garami — Step by Step

  1. 1

    Control uke's leg

    Gain control of one of uke's legs — typically the near leg — from a ground position.

  2. 2

    Entangle the leg with tori's legs

    Wrap your legs around uke's leg to create the entanglement. One leg hooks over the top of uke's leg, the other may hook under for the lock.

  3. 3

    Secure the leg position

    Tighten the entanglement so uke cannot pull the leg free. The entire lower limb is trapped.

  4. 4

    Apply force to the knee joint

    With the leg entangled, use your body mechanics — rotation, hip drive — to apply bending or twisting force to uke's knee against its natural direction.

  5. 5

    Apply pressure until submission

    Apply consistent pressure. This is an extremely dangerous technique — practice only with experienced partners and tap early.

Key Principles

What Makes It Work

  • IMPORTANT: Ashi-Garami is illegal in IJF international competition. Do not use in IJF-rules competition.
  • The knee joint is extremely vulnerable to this technique. Both partners must exercise extreme caution — the knee can be damaged quickly.
  • Ashi-Garami is a Kodokan-recognized technique studied for complete judo knowledge, not for competition application under IJF rules.
  • From the Ashi-Garami entanglement, other transitions are possible — understanding the position matters even if the straight leg lock is illegal in some contexts.
Common Mistakes

What to Avoid

#1 Common Mistake

Applying in IJF competition

Never apply Ashi-Garami in IJF competition — it is banned and will result in disqualification.

#2 Common Mistake

Applying too quickly without partner awareness

This technique must be drilled slowly and with complete partner cooperation. The knee can be injured before the partner can tap. Always warm up the joint and drill at a controlled pace.

#3 Common Mistake

Not tapping immediately when feeling pressure

If you are in Ashi-Garami as uke, tap as soon as you feel joint pressure. Waiting to feel pain risks serious injury.

#4 Common Mistake

Loose leg entanglement — uke escapes easily

The entanglement must be tight to prevent the leg from being pulled free. Tighten the leg wrap before applying pressure.

When to Use

Best Moments to Apply Ashi-Garami

Ashi-Garami is studied as part of the Kodokan syllabus for comprehensive judo knowledge. It is applicable in non-IJF competition contexts where leg attacks are permitted. In IJF competition, Ashi-Garami is explicitly prohibited. Practitioners should be aware of the competition rules governing their events before considering any leg-lock application.

Combinations

Combination Sequences

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is Ashi-Garami banned in IJF competition?
Ashi-Garami is banned in IJF competition because knee joint locks — particularly straight leg entanglements — can cause serious, rapid injury to the ligaments and cartilage of the knee. The joint can be damaged before the opponent can tap, making it a significant safety risk at competition speed.
Is Ashi-Garami a legitimate Kodokan technique despite being banned in IJF competition?
Yes. Ashi-Garami is a recognized Kodokan judo technique. Many legitimate judo techniques are restricted or banned in certain competition formats for safety reasons. The IJF ban reflects competition safety priorities rather than a denial of the technique's technical validity.
Are any leg locks legal in IJF competition?
As of current IJF rules (2024), straight knee locks and leg entanglements are banned. The only leg-related submission still discussed in the Kodokan context is the knee-on-top style with specific rules. Practitioners should check the most current IJF rule book as rules can change.